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  • And then there's the different ways to connect verbs in English.

    • I want to go to the movies. ("I want going" is wrong.)
    • I like going to the movies. / I like to go to the movies. (Both ways work.)
    • I despise going to the movies. ("I despise to go" is wrong.)

    There aren't rules for that, as far as I know. Just very fuzzy guidelines at best. And word stress is pretty random too. Both of those things can be tricky for non-native speakers.

  • Gender often comes along with cases, which basically show you what role a noun is playing in a sentence. For example, is someone doing something, or is something being done to them. That lets you change the word order and keep the same meaning. You can emphasize different parts of the sentence, or just be more flexible with how you say things.

    Here's an example from German:

    • Der Hund (subject) hat den Mann (object) gebissen. / The dog bit the man.
    • Den Mann (object) hat der Hund (subject) gebissen. / The dog bit the man. (Implied: That guy, and not someone else.)

    In English, the meaning changes when you change the word order.

    • The dog bit the man.
    • The man bit the dog.

    Languages do fine with genders and without. They're just different systems that happened to evolve over time. And languages can even change. English used to have 3 genders, but they disappeared hundreds of years ago. Instead of having like 12 different ways to say "the," we just have one, thanks to the Vikings and the Norman invaders.

  • The ones that interest you the most will be easiest to stick with. I find things just through my general interests and poking around.

    Favorite music genre? Listen to bands from different countries and see how they sound. TV shows, movies, and documentaries from other countries are another big one. Listen to the original language, see if it sounds interesting, maybe read a little about it.

    Or maybe you know someone who you'd like to be able to talk with in their language. It could be anything. Pick one or two things to try and you'll get a feel for what you like.

  • Oh yeah, the yellow European style butter was a revelation when I found out about it. It tastes way better and is less watery than the pale American butter.

    I never heard of filtered milk. Milk is milk for the most part, but once I made the mistake of buying it on clearance. Grabbed it without looking because the price for a normal gallon freaked me out. It wasn't spoiled, but it was super watery and had a weird color.

  • Some people do, yeah. I've always used stainless steel cause it's what I had. Takes a little practice to get it to not stick, but after that it's fine. I heat the empty pan on medium, medium high until it's pretty hot. If you add a drop of water, it should bead up and roll. Then add the oil, wait until it shimmers, and add the eggs.

    Enameled cast iron is nice too. It's non-stick and not as heavy as a regular cast iron.

  • All your basic staples: salt, flour, oil, sugar, pasta, pasta, milk, eggs

    It depends. Cheap salt is just fine. And flour, unless you're into baking. But some things can make a difference and you don't necessarily have to pay a lot more for it.

    Pasta, for example. Bronze cut pasta absorbs sauce a lot better than "normal" pasta. It looks dull, rough, and pale as opposed to shiny and smooth. It usually only costs a buck or two more. I find it's a big step up taste and texture-wise.

    Or butter. The ones without natural flavor taste better. Sometimes it's the store brand that doesn't have added flavor.

    And eggs. Orange yolks are way better than the pale yellow ones. But those you do have to shell out for.

  • It's colloquial and you'll hear it when people talk about making food. Like if you're making a sandwich. You put mayo on the bread, then you put the cheese, then you add meat and lettuce or whatever.

    It's kind of like "on" is implied and you don't bother to say it. I just mentioned it, so I don't need to say it again. That's how it feels to me anyway.

    I could see myself saying "First you put mayo, then you put cheese." That would be like if someone was standing next to me, watching me make the sandwich. They can see exactly where I'm putting things. But normally you do want to specify where you're putting something.

  • If the R is giving you trouble, you might try starting with a CH like in "Buch."

    Start with "Brot" but add an extra vowel, so it's like Bo-chot. Try to reduce the air flow to almost zero when you say the CH. You should end up with an R sound.

    You could do a trilled R too if that's easier. People will understand you fine. The vowels are way more important to get right.

  • Yeah, it really is. "I'll have the pig, please" sounds kind of humorous. "I'll have the pork chop" sounds totally normal and way more elegant.

    What really fascinates me is how English lost its cases and endings. Old English could outdo modern German, but then the Vikings came along, and later the French.

    I think most of the declinations were already gone by the time the Normans invaded though. Supposedly Old Norse and English were pretty mutually intelligible, so if you drop the pesky endings, you end up with something that everyone understands pretty well.

  • It can be pretty confounding, the words that look the same but are pronounced differently. Through, though, thorough, tough, trough.

    There are no rules, you just have to learn it. And it could be confusing if you mix them up. Through and throw, for example.

    English has never had a spelling reform, but you can see the "real" spelling in informal language sometimes. Through = thru (in texts and chats). Tough = tuff (in slang and brand names).

  • I haven't been on since June, but I noticed it for the last 1-2 years or so. Especially on the smaller subs where any given comment would only get a handful of upvotes. Someone would write a long helpful explanation, I upvote, and nothing happens. The score would stay at 1 or whatever.

    It's not like I was spamming votes either. I would make a point of only voting on one comment per post so my vote would count. But it was still usually 50/50. Vote fuzzing was there for years, but this was different. The comments that were less popular seemed to be affected the most.

  • It's actually kind of complicated. I did some digging and it looks like the problem is that he wanted a new judge in his case challenging the election results in Georgia. But he made a legal move that prevented that from happening.

    This is the case he's talking about (warning: legal language). Trump originally asked for emergency relief, which means the case could be decided in days or weeks instead of months or years. Then he withdrew that request for some reason. So the original judge said no emergency relief for you. You don't get it unless you ask for it and the judge decides it's appropriate.

    Well, Trump didn't like that, so he did two things. He filed an appeal (of an order that you're not allowed to appeal). That basically puts a stop to your case until the appeal is over. That's just how it works and even brand new lawyers know this.

    At the same time, he asked for his case to be assigned to a new judge. The court couldn't say yes or no to that request because of the appeal. Thus the complaint that they wouldn't assign a judge.

    He dismissed the appeal a few weeks later and got a new judge.

  • I lived on the same floor as a couple Airbnbs for a while and it was the same way. Lots of trash and noise. More than the usual big city noise. Like bass cranked up at 3 am and they probably won't hear if you try to knock.

    For a while there was a steady stream of men coming in and out of one of the apartments. And a sign on the door that said something about massages.