In the context of this tweet most important differences are:
SQL is a language for querying databases.
Most common used databases are relational databases. With relational databases you can setup, well, relations and constraints.
Imagine you have 2 tables (2 excel sheets) one with people, and one with home ownership. You can set the following constraint: (1) each person shows up only once in the people table. And the following relation: (2) every home owner must refer to an existing person in people table.
When modifying the table contents, the system checks if no constraints or relations are violated.
Excel, just like a badly designed relational databse, would, for example, have no problem with duplicate people, or home ownership referring to non-existant people.
make our own production more competitive and enable better salaries overall.
That's the topic of this post: due to it's central steering EU became technologically (and in a few decades economically) irrelevant. It doesn't know how to make 21st century things. Tarrifs don't help with that problem, au contraire. Nor does a national social security system. The latter does make sure that everyone's quality of life degrades about equally fast.
Some things like image recognition, text classification, are way way easier using pretrained transformers.
As for generating code, I already used to spent a lot of time chasing bugs juniors made but can't figure out. The process of making such bugs has now been automated.
The cause is societal: the EU thinks that innovation should come top down. By giving established corporations subsidies, and a large administration that steers everyone every step of the way. To make sure nobody does anything out of the ordinary.
That works if you want to improve car crash safety by 5%. But, ofcourse, that doesn't work for true, novel ideas. Concensus being antagonistic to novelty.
And it's not solely a "bad politicians" problem. A majority of Europeans are simply afraid of change, want their 9-to-5 job to look exactly the same for their whole life. The elected reflect their electorate.
Too bad the world changes regardless of you participating.
Plenty of reasons for someone to want to start over completely. I would've liked that to still be possible.