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  • You need silicon.

    The earth's crust is about 25 percent silicon. Sand made out of quartz like desert sand is about 50 percent silicon. Beach sand is usually mainly calcium carbonate from shells and it doesn't contain much silicon at all. Volcanic beach sand is more likely the same as the earth's crust so 25-50 percent.

    So as long as you refine your sand/gravel/rocks/lava so that you're left with pretty much pure silicon, you're good to go.

  • Digg was Reddit, before Reddit came along. And then they tried to monetise it all and pushed out a site layout update that "enhanced" that monetisation aspect (sound familiar?)

    Basically they fucked it up right there.

    I left Digg in 2010 and never went back, and now the domain and it's remnants are owned by some advertising company.

  • Also, things not designed for food use or human consumption don't have to follow strict rules regarding their composition, and they're not monitored.

    Nobody is checking PVA glue for heavy metals or melamine or pesticides or any other number of things that will give your insides a bad day.

    Nobody is issuing a recall if your bottle of glue ends up with ground up glass in it.

    Because it's not food, and it doesn't matter, until you put half a cup of it in your pizza because Google told you it was a good idea.

  • i like how the answers are the exact same generic unhelpful drivel you hear 20k times a month if you're...

    Searching for a solution to any problem on the internet.

    There are a million ad- laden sites that, in answer to a technical question about your PC, suggest that you run antivirus, system file checker, oh and then just format and reinstall your operating system. That is also 90 percent of the answers coming from "Microsoft volunteer support engineers" on Microsoft's own support forums as well, just please like and upvote their answer if it helps you.

    There are a million Instagram and tiktok videos showing obvious trivial, shitty, solutions to everyday problems as if they are revealing the secrets of the universe while they're glueing bottle tops and scraps of car tires together to make a television remote holder.

    There are a trillion posts on Reddit from trolls and shitheads just doing it for teh lulz and Google is happily slurping this entire torrent of shit down and trying to regurgitate it as advice with no human oversight.

    I reckon their search business has about two years left at this rate before the general public regards them as a joke.

    Edit: and the shittification of the internet has all been Google's doing. The need for sites to get higher up in Google's PageRank™ or be forever invisible has absolutely ruined it. The torrent of garbage now needed to ensure that various algorithms favour your content has fucked it for everyone. Good job, Google.

  • I work in OT. The number of "best practice" IT mantras that companies mindlessly pick up and then slavishly follow to the detriment of their mainly-OT business is alarming.

    Make your own damn best practice that suits your business best, don't copy and paste something from a megacorp. Sure, include elements from megacorp's best practice if they are applicable, but don't be a slave to the entirety of it.

  • Turns out it seems the Australians have public health insurance for everyone - Medicare.

    To follow from your comment , because Australia has a publicly funded health system, the government actively works to reduce preventable diseases because it reduces the load on the system.

    So they have had:

    A sunscreen campaign and skin cancer check initiatives since the '80s.

    Anti-smoking campaigns (and high tobacco taxes) where resources are available to help quit.

    Every citizen gets a free bowel cancer test mailed to them when they turn 50 to help find and treat cancer earlier.

    Road safety laws are tight and helmet / seatbelt regulations are strict as it reduces hospital loads.

    Vaccinations for a multitude of easily preventable diseases are given for free in childhood, particularly now for the virus that causes cervical cancer.

    Those and a myriad of other public health initiatives all help Australians to live longer.

    Coupled with the fact that the cost for the whole population is borne by an income tax of approximately 2% , it means that if you are poor or unemployed, you still have access to health services. That also means that small health issues among low income earners don't snowball until they are life threatening.

    It has the knock on effect that people don't end up trapped in a job because it offers "good benefits and a low deductible" and concerns about pre existing conditions interfering with insurance and etc when changing jobs is generally moot.

    Then throw in mandatory government regulated retirement funds that require all employers to put in 12+ percent of an employee's gross earnings into an employee's fund of their choosing for their retirement. That coupled with public health generally means the whole US style worker=slave arrangement can't exist.

    Which means the US will get nothing like this as all that screams of nanny state overlords and death panels and moar taxes killing freedom and so on and so forth. Sorry guys.

  • Mmm I'd take Common Sense Skeptic's spaceX videos with about a ton of salt. They've got a real big bug up their ass about spaceX for some reason.

  • As an Australian, I've found the Fediverse to be nicer and much less repetitive when posts containing these words are blocked.

    Of course, that's my choice. Funny how meta doesn't provide a generalised keyword post blocker.... it's almost like they're worried you'd accidentally block too much or something.

    And I do like the phrasing. "Here's how to get control back!" Yes, yes, get back your control of an endless algorithmic feed designed to maximise engagement and profit, of course, it's simple!

  • I don't know about you, but I just swiped my way through the first sentence off this reply with Google's keyboard and all I had to do was select swiped instead of the suggested settled.

    They do remember common words that you use, so if you have accidentally "approved" a few misspellings they'll be suggested/given to you more often so a drastic solution to that is to clear your personalised data from the keyboard.

  • Scientists estimate that about 48.5 tons (44 tonnes or 44,000 kilograms) of meteoritic material falls on Earth each day. Almost all the material is vaporized in Earth's atmosphere

    There's been 44 tons of material swept up by earth each day since time immemorial. Let me know once we're up to 20 tons of sats a day ( about 25 starlink sats ), and then I'll start to worry about the effects.

  • I prefer the H.G. Wells The Time Machine style of time travel , where you affect the flow of time instead of a discontinuous jump.

    You're still attached to your current location, things just happen faster (in forwards or reverse). It also means that time travel takes time, which can be a handy plot tool.

    Edit: grammatical swipe keyboard errors

  • I will put the bold claim out there that if companies like banks salt your password and lock you out after 4 attempts you don't really need that much in the way of end user password complexity. The only practical attack at that point is denial of service.

  • Flash chip cells are basically tiny electron traps, they consist of a tiny stored charge surrounded on all sides by an insulator. When writing to the cell you fill it with some electrons via (much handwaving here) a method of quantum tunneling. You can then read the cell by sensing the internal charge without disturbing it.

    When not in use eventually enough charge tunnels out of the cell via random quantum tunneling events for it to read nothing. This is worsened when things are hotter, so maybe keeping your flash chips in the freezer would help.

    Consumer flash memory, I probably wouldn't expect more than 20 or 30 years of offline storage out of it. The older chips would last longer, because their cells are bigger, and you're not trying to read multiple charge levels per cell like the newer stuff.

    Added edit:

    Magnetic media probably has a higher chance of surviving longer. Floppies from the 80s can still be read, for example, but they are low density media. You'd want something that separates the drive system from the actual magnetic media to stop bearing or motor failure from being an issue , so tape would be a good idea.

    The problem is, of course, that you could end up with media you can't read as nobody makes the hardware for it. Tape drives have gone through a dozen revisions in the last 30 years as capacity has increased, but as long as you have the same physical tape cartridge you should be ok.

    M-Disc is a blueray compatible media that doesn't use dye and should have a life of hundreds of years. But who will have a blueray reader on hand in the 24th century? I've got a USB M-Disc compatible writer for my backups, but in 30 years will I be able to pull it out of a drawer and plug it into a USB Gen 15 port and have it work with whatever software I have then?

    I think we're going to have to do the manual duplication process for a while yet, until we finally settle on some universal petabyte storage crystals or something.

  • He was a tough nut to crack.

    "Computers are useless, they can only give you answers." - also Picasso.

    But he was an artist. Technology was just a tool for him to make art, nothing more. I'm sure if you'd shown him an iPad with a modern sketching program on it hooked up to a dye-sub printer, he would have been at least a little intrigued. He might have disregarded it as a toy, but he also might have worked with a new medium to see what he could do.

  • But but but it's Designed In California™ , that makes it All American 🇺🇲🇺🇲🫡🫡

  • The partition table is just a set of pointers to various places on the physical disk where partitions should be, inside those partitions are filesystems with all your data. It's like the table of contents in a book. You can mess around with the table of contents and make the page numbers for chapters different, but all the words in the book are still there.

    Now you're lucky that filesystem drivers are fairly smart these days. They sanity check things all the time. When you write the partition table to disk all the active filesystem drivers get notified of the changes, so they can keep track of things. When the driver noticed that the size of your filesystem exceeded the size of your partition, it basically was like "Hold it right there, I'm not touching any of this!". At that point the filesystem would have been forcibly unmounted and disconnected, which is why none of your commands worked after running cfdisk, they were on that filesystem.

    Note that your approach was almost the right way to do it. To make your filesystem bigger you can expand the partition using cfdisk ( as long as there is physical room on the disk!) and then run a program called resize2fs , and it will expand the filesystem to suit.

    Similarly, you can shrink the filesystem in the same kind of way, except you run resize2fs first and command it to shrink the filesystem to a particular size. It will do that (assuming there's enough free space in your filesystem to do so) then you shrink the corresponding partition with cfdisk to match.

    Of course, as you've learned, resizing partitions is moderately risky so backups are a good idea. Having said that I routinely expand filesystems in VMs like this without backups - I make the VMs disk larger in its settings, then run cfdisk and expand the partition, then run resize2fs.

  • The filesystem driver knows the size of the filesystem is larger than the physical size of the partition it is on. Because of that it refuses to do anything with it until that discrepancy is sorted.

    Boot to a USB/ISO, run cfdisk, extend the partition size back to original or larger, then run fsck on the partition again.

  • SSH/SCP. Install Winscp or Filezilla on the host.

    Or alternatively, Windows version of tar -> netcat -> network -> netcat -> Linux version of tar.

  • Australian here. Last time I wrote a cheque, Michael Jackson was still black.