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2 yr. ago

  • The EM waves of near spectra, UV and IR, are commonly often referred to as 'light' as well. Wikipedia even states:

    In physics, the term "light" may refer more broadly to electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength, whether visible or not. In this sense, gamma rays, X-rays, microwaves and radio waves are also light.

    Which fits to my perception of physicists, where in astronomy every element starting at Lithium is referred to as 'metal'.

  • All EM waves are photons.

    When X or gamma ray photons interact with matter, e.g. by Compton scattering, i.e. hitting electrons of an atom. Thereby the photons loose discrete amounts of energy, leading to an increase of their wavelengths, and the electrons are then lifted on corresponding higher energy levels. When the electrons 'fall' back onto their base levels, additional photons are emitted.

    Microwave photons, however, have to low energy for this kind of interaction. They e.g. induce vibrations and oscillations of molecules which is perceived as a temperature increase.

  • Then, as I understand, both lasers produce beams of the same intensity (photons per area) and with the same cross section area, i.e. the number of emitted photons per unit of time is identical, the blue laser delivers more power than the red one as tobogganablaze already wrote, since blue light (high frequency, short wavelength) photons have higher energy than red light photons (low frequency, long wavelength). And the rest is up to the absorption properties of the material hit by the laser.

  • UNIX is trademarked by 'The Open Group', Unix is not. 🙃

    To make things more confusing, according to German Wikipedia, Unix is used for Unix-like OSes which are not officially UNIX-certified. 😵‍💫

  • Nice to know, I've always thought BSD is actually UNIX.

    The BSD variants are descendants of UNIX developed by the University of California at Berkeley, with UNIX source code from Bell Labs. However, the BSD code base has evolved since then, replacing all the AT&T code. Since the BSD variants are not certified as compliant with the Single UNIX Specification, they are referred to as "UNIX-like" rather than "UNIX".

  • I know, I've once messed around to install a newer QT framework which was required by some package I've downloaded directly. Did you install them from the repos or manually copied the files into place? At first I thought the issues were due to compiling source code, not installing conflicting libraries.

  • Yes and no, it's the other way round. The ISOs often are hybrid images which you can burn onto a CD/DVD or dd onto a USB pen drive. Until approximately 10-15 years ago, if I remember correctly, the distributed Linux ISOs where standard not hybrid images, thus you always needed some other program to create bootable USB media.

  • Idk, but it could be because the payment of the delivery is done 'via surname' to the postman when the package is handed over. So the bank can't track on what you spend your money on (in case you are afraid they do). This option exists at least in Germany. However, it costs an high extra fee.