Pipoca @ Pipoca @lemmy.world

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Emacs is a bunch older than common lisp.

One of its more idiosyncratic design decisions was using dynamic scope, rather than lexical scope. They did add in per-file lexical scope, though.

It also just doesn't implement a lot of common lisp's standard library.

Although it's been used for a fairly wide array of algorithms for decades. Everything from alpha-beta tree search to k-nearest-neighbors to decision forests to neural nets are considered AI.

Edit: The paper is called

Avoiding fusion plasma tearing instability with deep reinforcement learning

Reinforcement learning and deep neural nets are buzzwordy these days, but neural nets have been an AI thing for decades and decades.

Emacs unfortunately uses Emacs lisp, not common lisp or scheme.

That wall isn't structural. There's a much thicker wall behind it; this is just a thin internal layer for running electric and mounting drywall.

One important thing to realize is that different dialects of English have slightly different grammars.

One place where different dialects differ is around negation. Some dialects, like Appalachian English or West Texas English, exhibit 'negative concord', where parts of a sentence must agree in negation. For example, "Nobody ain't doin' nothing' wrong".

One of the most important thing to understanding a sentence is to figure out the dialect of its speaker. You'll also notice that with sentences with ambiguous terminology like "he ate biscuits" - were they cookies, or something that looked like a scone? Rules are always contextual, based on the variety of the language being spoken.

English definitely has rules.

It's why you can't say something like "girl the will boy the paid" to mean "the boy is paying the girl" and have people understand you.

Less vs fewer, though, isn't really a rule. It's more an 18th century style guideline some people took too seriously.

No.

There's two types of grammar rules. There's the real grammar rules, which you intuitively learn as a kid and don't have to be explicitly taught.

For example, any native English speaker can tell you that there's something off about "the iron great purple old big ball" and that it should really be "the great big old purple iron ball", even though many aren't even aware that English has an adjective precedence rule.

Then there's the fake rules like "ain't ain't a real word", 'don't split infinitives' or "no double negatives". Those ones are trumped up preferences, often with a classist or racist origin.

The beginning of the 'Final Solution' was in June of 1941, and began with the death squads of the Einsatzgruppen murduring Jews as part of Operation Barbarossa.

The commander of Einsatzkommando 3 submitted a fairly detailed report of his squad's daily murder count by location. Through November 25th of that year, his squad alone murdered 57,338 Jewish men, 48,592 Jewish women, and 29,461 Jewish children.

Babi Yar happened on September 29th and 30th, 1941 - only about 4 months into the Final Solution. Germans put posters up in Kyiv, saying that any Jews who didn't show up to be relocated would be shot. They took the crowd of 33k people to a ravine, herded them forwards and machine gunned them all down.

Is the Holocaust really the most apt historical comparison? Yes, the Holocaust is in the past, while this is ongoing. But the early days of the Holocaust were incredibly bloody; the massacres didn't ramp up slowly once the killings commenced.

Two things can both be bad without being equally bad.

The war has been terrible. But do you really think it's been as bad as Treblinka or Babi Yar?

That sounds a bit more like a nightclub.

I'd never want to live next to a nightclub, but living next to a tavern or pub would be fine.

Vav is a product of ashkenaszi pronunciations due to yiddish. Originally it's Waw.

Vav has nothing to do with Yiddish.

The pronunciation shift occurred in a large number of groups that didn't speak Yiddish, and shifts like that also aren't uncommon cross-linguistically.

The exact same shift happened in Italian, as well: v in classical Latin made a w sound, but morphed to a v in most romance languages.

Pronunciation shifts don't have to come out of influence of other languages, they just kinda happen normally on their own. Sometimes this causes spelling changes (such as the many Spanish words with an h that came from a Latin f, like hablo or hijo), other times it changes the sound of the letter, such as how the Greek phi went from an aspirated p to an f sound, or a j went from a y sound to an English j.

And the multiple names for God thing comes from Kaballah

Kabbalah talks about the multiple names of god, but the Torah itself uses a number of different names for god.

For that matter, look at Hebrew names. You have names like Matityahu (gift of god), Daniel (god is my judge), and eliyahu (god is my god), using different names of god. Why do biblical Hebrew names use both el and yahu to refer to god, if multiple names was a kabbalistic innovation?

Precisely three third party candidates have won any EC votes in the last century: George Wallace, Strom Thurmond and Robert La Follete. Follete won Wisconsin, and the other two unsurprising only won states in the deep south.

The likely "best case" scenario would be something like the 1912 election, which was essentially a three way race between former Republican president Teddy Roosevelt running third party against the incumbent Republican Taft, and the Democratic challenger, Willson.

Willson won 41.8% of the popular vote, and 81% of of EC vote. Taft got 23% of the vote, and managed to carry Vermont and Utah. Roosevelt got 27% of the vote, and carried 6 states. Eugene Debs didn't win a single state with his 6% of the vote - and its worth noting that the last time a third party candidate did as well as Debs was Perot, back in 96.

A majority of the country voted for a current or former Republican president, yet the election was a land slide for the Democrat in the EC.

Because of the structure of the EC, third parties are either irrelevant protest votes (such as the south protest voting for segregationists) or they blow up in your face. Why would this time be different?

Edit:

One significant problem with a pro-Palestinian third party revolt against Biden is that Democratic support for Palestinians isn't anywhere near high enough for a universal revolt against Biden on that issue. It'd just be begging for a repeat of 1912.

Netanyahu's poll numbers are pretty rock bottom among Democrats, but a majority of older Democrats see Israel as a legitimate state with an unfortunately far right current government that's going too far in their current war against a terrorist organization. They're not looking for a free Palestine that stretches from the river to the sea.

Curb weight is the weight of the car itself, plus any gas, oil, etc it needs to function.

Gross weight is maximum weight the vehicle is designed to support. It's the curb weight plus the payload capacity.

If a car has a curb weight of 3k lbs and a gross weight of 4k, it doesn't weigh 4k lbs unless you have 1k lbs of passengers and cargo in it.

Ish.

There's precisely zero skill involved in e.g. roulette.

Poker, fantasy football, and horse betting though, are influenced by skill. But they're all clearly still gambling.

The important thing in those 3 is that you're not betting against the house. You're betting against other players, and that you're the smart enough to come out on top even after the house takes their cut. Unless you're Nate Silver, though, chances are you're not the smartest person in the room.

Better yet:

Give me $1, and I'll roll two six-sided dice. If you roll two sixes, I give you $20.

Inflation is calculated off of the cost of some particular basket of goods, and tends not to be even across those goods.

Yeah, if you eat a lot of corporate fast food, prices have skyrocketed recently. At a rate that far outpaces the local pizzeria and Chinese restaurant down the street, or the cost of chicken and eggs from the grocery store.

Call him a Nazi, he won't even frown "Ha, Nazi, Schmazi" says Wernher von Braun

In areas that get cold, you can't just use a heat pump. Residential heat pumps are only good to about 20 to 25f.

That was true a couple decades ago, but hasn't really been true in a while.

A combination of inverters, variable speed compressors, vapor injection, and using slightly different refrigerants means there's a number of cold climate heat pumps on the market that will heat down below -13°F.

Wood stoves often just have radiators or fans powered by heat differentials.

They're more of a solution for small cabins than mcmansions, though

Symbols display with friendly string-y names in a number of languages. Clojure, for example, has a symbol type.

And a number of languages display friendly strings for enumy things - Scala, Haskell, and Rust spring to mind.

The problem with strings over enums with a nice debugging display is that the string type is too wide. Strings don't tell you what values are valid, strings don't catch typos at compile time, and they're murder when refactoring.

Clojure symbols are good at differentiation between symbolly things and strings, though they don't catch typos.

The other problem the article mentions is strings over a proper struct/adt/class hierarchy is that strings don't really have any structure to them. Concatenating strings is brittle compared to building up an AST then rendering it at the end.

Edit: autocorrect messed a few things up I didn't catch.