Most local polling places around me have touch screens you put a small card into, but you never see a paper ballot, I’ve honestly never seen a paper ballot for presidential elections in person other than mail ins
3 separate backups on
2 different media (ie 2 backups on 2 separate HDDs plus one on DVDs) with
At least 1 offsite (ie a satellite office or your parents house for personal stuff)
You can use TOTP 2FA on a browser too, there’s plugins for it. It’s not some super secret algorithm, smartphone apps are just the most common way of handling it. I suppose there’s progress to be made in terms of accessibility and education for the general public in terms of options for TOTP.
We just hand it to a poll worker and they do whatever they do with it