It does ask you to provide a Google account (on Android), but you can just skip that step. You can't use the PlayStore to download apps, but that's about it. Everything else Google works, even updates, you just browse everything as anonymous (well... more or less).
Apparently, according to MS, no. According to Rufus, you can. Not only that, but it will allow you to install it in MBR mode, if you wish so.