If you were a community, municipality or country committing to the principle that all people deserve shelter, how would you make that principle a reality?

Probably build a lot of public housing. Plus fix zoning to not make high density housing impractical.

Would also need to invest in trains, density can be much higher if you don't have big roads and garages for everyone.
No city in the world has that budget
You could make a big dent though

Are we starting from scratch here or working with what capitalism has given us?

I'm interested in actual approaches. Not saying I want to perpetuate capitalism, but asking how you would tackle the problem, and could be from the viewpoint of any of those entities.
- Add back the missing middle.
The only way you can give everyone shelter is with that which capitalism has given us. If we were starting from scratch there’d be no way to even keep everyone safe from lions let alone sheltered.
- If you had a bunch of people and the knowledge, you could rebuild modern civilisation from scratch within 64 years.

This is how my cuntry does it:

Make it mandatory for housing developers to build a % of low cost houses for every luxury development at their own cost or not get approval for the luxury development.
The government builds high density 3 bedroom apartment complexes that are rent to own for the low income group. These complexes easily house 15,000 people or more.
The government subsidises larger terrace houses specifically for young families first house by covering the 10% deposit and tax exemptions.

My cuntry also give free healthcare, schools and subsidised universities.

Buddy, theres an O in "Country".
Normally I wouldnt correct spelling on social media but if you didnt know "Cunt" is a pretty rude word. So "Cuntry" reads kind of funny.
- It also depends on which cuntry you're from lol. In the UK and Australia for example it's a very widespread word
Just to clarify, not to start a whole debate, but it's not truly free. You are paying for it through taxes which means it's probably cheaper for the average person, which is fair, but you pay a heck of a lot more in taxes than some other countries. Here in the US, generally low income people will qualify for "free" healthcare and university (or if not, universities will typically cover the majority of tuition with grants). Kindergarten through 12th grade is covered by taxes for everyone as well. I do like the idea of requiring a certain percentage of properties to be high-density, that way you don't have a developer building exclusively luxury properties and screwing everybody else over.

Giant roof over the whole thing

Lol are you inspired by Buckminster Fuller? Dome over Manhattan
- See also: The Simpsons Movie
  "I was elected to lead, not to read."
- No dome, just one of those sheet metal roofs that are stupid loud when it rains.

There are two kinds of homeless people: those who desire shelter, and those who don't. Usually the latter group is in the grip of psychosis, drugs, or both. There needs to be some form of involuntary commitment to deal with them.

For the former group: keep building shelters until there's no more waiting list. There should always be an excess of beds available.

Once that's the case, the only people left on the street are that group I mentioned earlier. But that's a pretty complicated issue to deal with.

Can you share sources about the idea that some people don't desire shelter? My understanding is more that drugs or mental illness make it difficult to retain housing. Their behavior towards others and their inability to pay means they end up homeless, but seems like people universally want a roof over their heads. My understanding is that among professionals working in this area, the view is that having a place to live is the first step in addressing issues like drug abuse and mental health. I'm aware of one organization in Philadelphia, Project Home, that others view as a model.
- In 2023, HSOC teams approached and engaged with 2,344 unsheltered people living on the streets. Of those 2,344 people, 1,065 accepted shelter services. Fifty-four percent of people experiencing homelessness — or 1,278 people — declined offers for shelter.
  Housing is exponentially more expensive than shelter. Sure, in an ideal world, housing should come first, but we don't live in that world. We live in a world of budget constraints. We need to practice harm reduction.

I would start with immediate solutions - setting designated areas for camping and providing tents + basic amenities. I'd look into what the most effective policies that exist around the world are and why they work and select the one most applicable to our situation. Finally I'd try and solve the core issue(s) regarding why the majority of those individuals couldn't provide housing for themselves

This is a good answer imo, but that last point is truly the long-term key. Regarding other discussion in this thread, late-stage capitalism largely prevents housing and utilities from being separated from profits. Not to take personal responsibility out of the equation, but social mobility is quite low when the system is rigged for continual profits and ever-increasing ROIs.

Public housing. What I am would really make the difference as to what I could do.

If I was a community I would try to acquire property and build the highest density property that made sense and make sure it has a park or land close to it.

Could build a farm next to it to provide jobs and healthy food to the community as well as potential vocational training.

Would focus on getting sane public transit to and from the area. Hopefully after a time private sector would start building up the area and we could locate another area to bring the model to.

Farms only need like 2-20 people to work em, not a great source of jobs
You could provide regular buses to nearby towns fairly cheap, depending on the geography. Then people could live in your community and commute to other ones where the jobs are.
- Some do, some don't. Non mechanized crops require tons of manual labor that is paid at sub minimum wage during harvest.
  We could think of ways to use more people by expanding it to more than simply growing food. Perhaps a coop that sells the food too? But yeah not perfect.

Focusing on supply, start encouraging the building of higher density housing, including cheap studio apartments that poor people can afford. This includes changing zoning policies, getting rid of parking minimums, and taxing more of the undeveloped value of land instead of the developed value.

Id kick the speculative investors out of housing. No more leveraging billion dollar hedge fund resources to outbid home buyers driving the price of housing to the moon. No more nimby regulations that prohibit building above a certain number of stories, building certain types of homes or the number of unrelated people living in a house. The only regulations left on the books would directly tackle legitimate safety concerns and thats it. Id make it as easy as possible to upgrade or build new housing while enforcing the regulations necessary for housing to be safe to live in. Id encourage the formation of cooperative housing i.e the people living in a complex are part owners and so the management of that building is incentivized not to screw them over. Id dump money into public housing and bolster the occupants' ability to take care of themselves with job training, education and support they need to dig their way out of poverty.

A partnership between private equity and co-op style ownership is an interesting idea for condos/apartments. Like say corporations retain a 30% ownership stake in each parcel, lowering the costs to purchase but also requiring a small bit of "rent" every month forever.
- That could be interesting, as then the corporations would still be paying for a percentage of repairs directly

In my own city, with an unlimited budget?

Take 1/3 the office buildings and make them housing. That gives us the density we need inside the city. Keep going, we do have enough space here. Keep going until rent and housing cost drops to be more in line with wages. Restore transit so that transportation cost is not such an enormous expense (where I am, 2 cars can easily cost $1k a month, say one car payment, insurance x2, and gas and maintenance) so people in this more tightly defined space didn't need cars so desperately.

(ETA: I would also buy back the electric company from the out-of-country conglomerate that bought it & create a cheap city fiber optic internet service. Do the things that cost up front then reduce everyone's cost over time. We already have city run water & garbage)

Then would need to tackle the actual homeless - are you saying we'd need to house even people who do not want an indoor space? People who will never have a job and don't want to be part of the system? This is a small but non-zero number. For those I think more widely distributed facilities at every single park in the city, well maintained and clean, so it would not be so terrible trying to just get a shower. And lots of outreach to get those who do want a place, into a place, and the help they need to have a good enough life.

Deport everyone without a house? Very obviously?

(obviously a /s)

Make house scalping illegal. Aka no rented homes.

Individuals can own a maximum of two properties.
Corporations can own a maximum of X rental properties (enough to allow a dedicated team to find a career servicing them, maintaining them, etc but not many past that point - I'd like wager in the low single digits).

This discourages using housing as a financial asset past owning where you live. This alone should reduce the cost of housing significantly. Housing gets cheaper, more people have housing.

Create programs where people or cities can get stable, low cost loans from the government to construct housing ranging from detached single family homes to high density apartment complexes.
If you live somewhere with restrictive zoning laws, revise them for the modern age.

This should allow communities to solve their own housing issues via lowering the financial burden of various solutions.

Continue to offer free shelter for homeless who want it and need a place to get back on their feet, provide amenities that make that transition easier.
Create a research task force to determine any other causes of homelessness and propose solutions. I'd wager: legalizing most drugs, forced mental rehabilitation, and sunset laws for criminal records would get rid of the rest.

For point 2 does one location with 3 buildings count as 1 or 3
- Are you asking about the difference between land and buildings? If that's the distinction you're attempting to clarify I mean rental properties. I didn't clarify land rights in my original comment but they'd follow the same concept. A single entity can only own so much, with harsher restrictions towards renting. Land and what's on it should be owned by those who use it.
  If you mean the distinction between like a mall and it's shops, I think additional barriers can be created around classifications of said properties. 4 homes, 2 apartment complexes, 1 massive shopping center. That sorta thing.

Build very basic shelters wherever land is cheap. They will have tiny private rooms with locking doors, and if people want to use drugs in there, fine. Tax land values severely enough that speculation is no longer a good source of income. Allow people to build more housing.

Campground with three-walled shelters with twin bunk beds around the perimeter. It should also have potable water, electrical outlets, flush toilets, hot showers, laundry, and trash service. The showers and laundry could be funded by dollar coins. Any resident or camper can earn dollar coins (no paperwork required), by doing work (litter collection, landscaping, cleaning bathrooms, roll call, etc). There should also be lockers to secure belongings. It should be near transit and with plenty of secure bicycle parking.

Tree houses for all!

Housing with 1 to 3 doors meant for renting can be owned by regular people only, 4 to 8 doors for rent must be owned by a corporation (with the financial implications), any more then that is owned by a non profit crown corporation. That doesn't prevent condos from existing.

All properties come with a 50km radius in which people can't own a second property. That means you can't buy a house and have a rental property in the same city, it also means if you own a multi units building you must live in it.

Have the previously mentioned crown corporation buy/seize lots (especially unused lots) to build more high density buildings with cheap rent.

Increase taxes on single family housing based on the size of the lot it's built on. Want to own a single family house on a lot big enough for two houses? Pay the taxes for two houses.

And all the normal stuff, public transport, parks, homeless shelters, social services.......

I’d keep building homeless shelters until there was enough beds for every homeless person. If later on there were more homeless people, I’d build more shelters.

I mean it’s pretty straightforward.

In actual fact I’m not willing to commit to that, but if I were committing to that the solution is dead obvious.

Homeless shelters are not housing; they're shelter for the night. They kick you out in the morning and you can't be sure you'll have a bed there in the evening. You can't keep your stuff there from day to day. And while you're sleeping, your stuff gets stolen. You can't have visitors. You don't have a permanent address, so you can't get mail.
The low end of housing starts with something like a room in a rooming house, SRO, residential hotel, or the like. You share a bathroom and kitchen with other tenants, but you have a room with a bed and a lock on the door. You can keep your stuff there and nobody will rummage through it while you sleep. You can come home to the same place every night. You have an address; you can get mail.
- Sure but imo shelter is step zero. If you have people living on the streets, focusing on housing is putting the cart before the horse.
  Shelter - - > housing - - > homes
  In order of priority
You also have to consider infrastructure. What good would 1000 homeless shelters be if you only had the staff or resources to run 100? For the record I am very pro-public housing, but it's a pretty complex situation.